Conventional AGV/AMR forklifts rely on manual or semi-automated charging methods: 

1. Wired Plug-in Charging: Requires human intervention or precise docking, leading to downtime. 

2. Battery Swapping: Labor-intensive and demands spare batteries, increasing costs and floor space. 

3. Conductive (Contact-Based) Charging: Exposed metal contacts are prone to wear, corrosion, and sparking in harsh environments. 

These methods disrupt operations, limit scalability, and incur maintenance expenses. In contrast, inductive charging addresses these issues by enabling fully autonomous, contactless energy transfer.